Ý Notes
Slide Show
Outline
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Building Your Argument
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Building your argument is like building a house.
  • You need a plan
  • You need a solid foundation
  • You need walls to support
  • You need a roof to enclose it


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A blueprint helps you plan.
  • Use your outline as your research plan
  • Consider your materials
    • What sources are going to offer accuracy and quality?
    • Are they easy to use or do you need special skills?
    • What kind of primary source data might be convincing?


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Gather your materials.
  • Research to understand both sides
  • Look for quality information
    • Authority
    • Currency
    • Purpose
  • Look for value
    • Relevancy
    • Redundancy
    • Confidence


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Currency on the Internet.
  • Look for a ìlast updatedî phrase
  • Look for a bibliography at the bottom of the page or as a hyperlink
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Confidence in Websites.
  • Can you find information about the sponsor of the website?
  • Can you find information about the author?
    • Where do you find it?
    • How easy is it to follow up?
  • Can you tell the purpose of the site?
  • Have you read this information in another reputable source?



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Who you gonna trust?
  • True Crimes
  • Center for Media Literacy




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What about Primary Sources?
  • Reading hints
    • Motive
    • Strategy
    • Values
    • Truth content
    • Relationship


  • Online help:
    • How to Read a Primary Source
    • Repositories of Primary Sources
    • Opposing Viewpoints
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Analyze it before you accept it.
  • Deceptive arguments
    • Scare Tactics
    • Generalizations
    • Exaggerations
  • Biases
    • Fact based
    • Application


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Build your foundation.
  • Based on your educated opinion
    • Identify facts to support
    • Identify ideas you will need to refute
  • Written in your own language
    • Shows you understand the issue
    • Avoids plagiarism
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What is Plagiarism?
  • Failure to give credit to someone elseís thoughts, words or creative products
  • Against federal law
  • Against our district discipline code


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How do I avoid it?
  • Cite all your sources
  • Use quotes when necessary
  • Use the proper format to document citations within your text
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What must be cited?
  • Quotations
  • Ideas
    • Paraphrased
    • Summarized
  • Common knowledge used verbatim
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How do I cite quotations?
  • Must be exact wording
    • Use [ ] to enclose words you added to clarify
    • Writerís Handbook
  • Must be cited using the right format
    • Source must be introduced in your text
    • Must be enclosed in quotation marks
    • Other punctuation must be correct
  • Writerís Handbook
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How do I paraphrase ideas?
  • Put it in your own words
  • Maintain the authorís ideas, opinions and order
  • Donít add your own opinions
  • Be sure to cite the sources
  • Online help:
    • Writerís Handbook
    • Writing Resources
    • The Writing Place
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How do I summarize ideas?
  • Take notes on the main ideas
  • Uses:
    • Passage is too long
    • Writing style is different from yours
  • Meaning remains the same
  • Must be cited
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What is common knowledge?
  • Certain well known facts
  • Found in most reference books
  • Must be cited if used verbatim from a text
  • May not include your interpretation of facts (opinion)
    • Writing Resources
    • Writerís Handbook
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How do I keep all this straight?
  • Use note cards with the citation information
  • Use several sources
    • Helps you understand concepts
    • Helps you identify common knowledge
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How do I cite my sources?
  • Follow the guidelines in your textbook
  • Online help:
    • Citing Electronic Sources Using MLA Style
    • Citing Electronic Sources Using APA Style

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Understanding Citing Logic
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Works Cited
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Works Cited
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Add the walls.
  • Identify your main points
  • Use facts and your research to explain
  • Be clear about your ideas
  • Donít ignore the other side


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The roof closes it up.
  • Write your closing
    • Restate your thesis statement
    • Reinforce your arguments
    • Make your final appeal
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Clean up for Presentation.
  • Edit for grammar, spelling, capitals, etc.
  • Check your format
  • Make sure margins are right
  • Neatness counts
  • Check your Works Cited page
    • Format
    • Capitals
    • Punctuation